{"id":930,"date":"2025-12-06T15:42:32","date_gmt":"2025-12-06T14:42:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/schweiz.blog\/?p=930"},"modified":"2026-03-19T14:21:04","modified_gmt":"2026-03-19T13:21:04","slug":"svycarske-alpske-prusmyky-historie-a-vyznam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/schweiz.blog\/cs\/schweizer-alpenpaesse-geschichte-bedeutung\/","title":{"rendered":"Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00e9 alpsk\u00e9 pr\u016fsmyky: historie, geografie a jejich dne\u0161n\u00ed role"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ten\/Ta\/To <strong>\u0160v\u00fdcarsk\u00e9 alpsk\u00e9 pr\u016fsmyky<\/strong> Nejsou to jen p\u016fsobiv\u00e9 horsk\u00e9 trasy \u2013 po stalet\u00ed slou\u017eily jako \u017eivotn\u00ed tahy pro obchod, kulturu a arm\u00e1du. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek vysv\u011btluje nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed alpsk\u00e9 pr\u016fsmyky ve \u0160v\u00fdcarsku, jejich historick\u00fd v\u00fdznam a roli v modern\u00edm dopravn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. Gotthardsk\u00fd pr\u016fsmyk \u2013 historick\u00e9 srdce Evropy<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gotthardsk\u00fd pr\u016fsmyk je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za <strong>nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed alpsk\u00fd pr\u016fsmyk<\/strong> \u0160v\u00fdcarska. Od st\u0159edov\u011bku spojovala severn\u00ed a ji\u017en\u00ed Evropu a formovala rozvoj \u0160v\u00fdcarsk\u00e9 konfederace jako t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 jin\u00e1 dopravn\u00ed trasa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdznam<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>centr\u00e1ln\u00ed severoji\u017en\u00ed trasa od 13. stolet\u00ed<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Po stalet\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1no obchodn\u00edky a poutn\u00edky<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pozd\u011bji: Gotthardsk\u00e1 dr\u00e1ha (1882) \u2192 Miln\u00edk ve v\u00fdstavb\u011b tunelu<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dnes: Gotthardsk\u00fd silni\u010dn\u00ed tunel a z\u00e1kladov\u00fd tunel NEAT<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gotthardsk\u00fd pr\u016fsmyk z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 strategicky d\u016fle\u017eitou dopravn\u00ed trasou dodnes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. Pr\u016fsmyk Grimsel \u2013 spojen\u00ed mezi Bernskou vyso\u010dinou a Valais<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Po stalet\u00ed slou\u017eil Grimselsk\u00fd pr\u016fsmyk jako region\u00e1ln\u00ed obchodn\u00ed cesta pro v\u00fdm\u011bnu zbo\u017e\u00ed mezi alpsk\u00fdmi oblastmi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Speci\u00e1ln\u00ed funkce<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Okol\u00ed charakterizuje \u017eulov\u00e1 krajina a n\u00e1dr\u017ee.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro \u0161v\u00fdcarskou v\u00fdrobu elekt\u0159iny (vodn\u00ed energie)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>robustn\u00ed vozovka, tradi\u010dn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 tak\u00e9 pro soumarsk\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dnes je pr\u016fsmyk Grimsel obl\u00edben\u00fdm c\u00edlem z\u00e1jemc\u016f o krajinu a technologie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. Pr\u016fsmyk Susten \u2013 \u201emodern\u00ed alpsk\u00fd pr\u016fsmyk\u201c<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pr\u016fsmyk Susten byl postaven teprve ve 20. stolet\u00ed a je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za jeden z <strong>technicky nejelegantn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed alpsk\u00e9 pr\u016fsmyky<\/strong> \u0160v\u00fdcarska.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Funkce<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>otev\u0159eno v roce 1945<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>velkolep\u00e9 linie<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Panoramatick\u00e9 silnice s v\u00fdhledy na ledovce v regionu Susten<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u00e9n\u011b historick\u00e9 ne\u017e funk\u010dn\u00ed \u2013 ale sc\u00e9nicky vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. Simplonsk\u00fd pr\u016fsmyk \u2013 modernizovan\u00fd Napoleonem<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Simplonsk\u00fd pr\u016fsmyk spojuje Valais s It\u00e1li\u00ed a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se ji\u017e od starov\u011bku. Napoleon Bonaparte nechal trasu masivn\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it na za\u010d\u00e1tku 19. stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>P\u0159ipraveno na zimu brzy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd pro obchod mezi It\u00e1li\u00ed a \u0160v\u00fdcarskem<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Simplonsk\u00fd tunel (1906) \u2192 jeden z nejdel\u0161\u00edch \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00edch tunel\u016f sv\u00e9 doby<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Simplonsk\u00fd pr\u016fsmyk je p\u0159\u00edkladem modernizace historick\u00fdch dopravn\u00edch tras.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5. V\u00fdznam alpsk\u00fdch pr\u016fsmyk\u016f dnes<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Navzdory tunel\u016fm a modern\u00ed infrastruktu\u0159e z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed horsk\u00e9 pr\u016fsmyky d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Turistika a cyklistika<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>P\u0159\u00edstup do horsk\u00fdch oblast\u00ed<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>sez\u00f3nn\u00ed dopravn\u00ed trasy<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>kulturn\u011b-historick\u00e9 symboly<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ten\/Ta\/To <strong>\u0160v\u00fdcarsk\u00e9 alpsk\u00e9 pr\u016fsmyky<\/strong> Propojuj\u00ed minulost a p\u0159\u00edtomnost jako jen m\u00e1lokter\u00fd jin\u00fd prvek \u0161v\u00fdcarsk\u00e9 krajiny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Alpsk\u00e9 pr\u016fsmyky ve \u0160v\u00fdcarsku se historicky vyv\u00edjely, jsou geograficky p\u016fsobiv\u00e9 a dodnes z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00e9. Vypr\u00e1v\u011bj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh obchodu, in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed a neust\u00e1l\u00e9ho rozvoje alpsk\u00e9 oblasti.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Die Schweizer Alpenp\u00e4sse sind nicht nur beeindruckende Verkehrswege durch die Bergwelt \u2013 sie waren \u00fcber Jahrhunderte Lebensadern f\u00fcr&hellip;","protected":false},"author":274216737,"featured_media":933,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"csco_display_header_overlay":false,"csco_singular_sidebar":"","csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_reading_time":"","csco_page_toc_navigation":"","csco_post_video_location":[],"csco_post_video_location_hash":"","csco_post_video_url":"","csco_post_video_bg_start_time":0,"csco_post_video_bg_end_time":0,"csco_post_video_bg_volume":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[2728],"tags":[3035,3034,3032,3033],"class_list":{"0":"post-930","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-reisen","8":"tag-alpenpaesse-schweiz-geschichte","9":"tag-reisen-schweiz-paesse","10":"tag-schweizer-alpenpaesse","11":"tag-wichtigste-paesse-schweiz","12":"cs-entry","13":"cs-video-wrap"},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/schweiz.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/20251206_1534_Schweizer-Alpenpaesse-Kunst_simple_compose_01kbt1961gefz8a962c5mdzdrk.png?fit=1536%2C1024&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pgWLwP-f0","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/schweiz.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/930","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/schweiz.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/schweiz.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/schweiz.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/274216737"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/schweiz.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=930"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/schweiz.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/930\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":934,"href":"https:\/\/schweiz.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/930\/revisions\/934"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/schweiz.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/933"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/schweiz.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=930"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/schweiz.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=930"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/schweiz.blog\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=930"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}