{"id":930,"date":"2025-12-06T15:42:32","date_gmt":"2025-12-06T14:42:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/schweiz.blog\/?p=930"},"modified":"2026-03-19T14:21:04","modified_gmt":"2026-03-19T13:21:04","slug":"%ce%b5%ce%bb%ce%b2%ce%b5%cf%84%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%ac-%ce%ac%ce%bb%cf%80%ce%b5%ce%b9%cf%82-%ce%b9%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%81%ce%af%ce%b1-%ce%ba%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%83%ce%b7%ce%bc%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/schweiz.blog\/el\/schweizer-alpenpaesse-geschichte-bedeutung\/","title":{"rendered":"\u03a4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03bb\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1: \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u039f <strong>\u0395\u03bb\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03bb\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong> \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03ac \u2013 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03ac\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03be\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u03bb\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. \u03a0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u0393\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03c4 \u2013 \u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u0393\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03c4 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03bb\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1<\/strong> \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03bb\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u039c\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03b4\u03b5\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u0392\u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u039d\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u0395\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c1\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03bb\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0395\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03b2\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03ac-\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd 13\u03bf \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03b4\u03ce \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0391\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1: \u03a3\u03b9\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u0393\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03c4 (1882) \u2192 \u039f\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae \u03c3\u03b7\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1: \u03a3\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b1 Gotthard Road &amp; \u03a3\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b1 NEAT Base<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u0393\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03c4 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. \u03a0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u0393\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bc\u03c3\u03b5\u03bb \u2013 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Bernese Oberland \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Valais<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u0393\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bc\u03c3\u03b5\u03bb \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03c5\u03b5 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae \u03b1\u03b3\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bb\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0395\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0393\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 (\u03c5\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b6\u03ce\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u0393\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bc\u03c3\u03b5\u03bb \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. \u03a0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03a3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd \u2013 \u03c4\u03bf \u201e\u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03bb\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u201c<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 Susten \u03c7\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd 20\u03cc \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 <strong>\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03c8\u03ac \u03b1\u03bb\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong> \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03bb\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u03a7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03be\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf 1945<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b8\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae Susten<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039b\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u2014 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. \u03a0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03a3\u03af\u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u2013 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u039d\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 Simplon \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf Valais \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0399\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1. \u039f \u039d\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u0392\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 19\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u03a3\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c2:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0388\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u0399\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0395\u03bb\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a3\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b1 Simplon (1906) \u2192 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 Simplon \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bf\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5. \u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u0391\u03bb\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac-\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u039f <strong>\u0395\u03bb\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03bb\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong> \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bb\u03b8\u03cc\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03bb\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1. \u0391\u03c6\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Die Schweizer Alpenp\u00e4sse sind nicht nur beeindruckende Verkehrswege durch die Bergwelt \u2013 sie waren \u00fcber Jahrhunderte Lebensadern 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